Belgium’s King Philippe expressed deep regret on Tuesday for the “suffering and humiliation” inflicted on the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) during its 75-year period under Belgian rule.

It is the first such expression of regret for Belgium’s colonial past by a reigning monarch, the royal palace said.

It came in a letter to DRC President Felix Tshisekedi to mark the 60th anniversary of independence.

“I want to express my deepest regret for these past injuries, the pain of which is regularly revived by the discrimination that is still all too present in our societies,” said the letter, which was seen by Reuters.

Belgium has long struggled to come to terms with its colonial past and history with the Congo – “a past marked with inequality and violence towards the Congolese,” Belgian Prime Minister Sophie Wilmes said on Tuesday.

The DRC achieved independence in 1960 after the Central African country had been a Belgian colony for 52 years. Millions of Congolese are estimated to have died between 1885 and 1908 after King Leopold II declared it his personal property.

During Leopold’s rule “acts of cruelty were committed, while the subsequent colonial period “caused suffering and humiliation”, Philippe said.

Statues of Leopold, whose troops killed and maimed millions of people in Congo, have been defaced or removed in Belgium after global anti-racism protests sparked by the police killing of black American George Floyd swept across Europe.

In the file video below, Belgium forced to confront its colonial legacy:

Philippe pledged to “continue to fight every form of racism” and welcomed the Belgium parliament’s move to launch a reconciliation commission to address racism and the country’s colonial past. This process of reflection could help Belgians “finally make peace with our memories”, he said.

The King’s younger brother Prince Laurent struck a different tone earlier this month when he said that Leopold could not have “made people suffer” in Congo because he never visited his colony.

The DRC was known as Zaire from 1971 to 1997 under the dictatorship of Mobutu Sese Seko.

In the video below, Patrice Lumumba honoured in Brussels: